合 Oracle rac数据库备份集恢复到单机环境

前言部分

导读

各位技术爱好者，看完本文后，你可以掌握如下的技能，也可以学到一些其它你所不知道的知识，~O(∩_∩)O~：

① rac数据库的备份集是如何恢复到单实例的数据库

② ASM文件系统到OS文件系统的转换

③ 一般的备份恢复过程

实验环境介绍

源库：11.2.0.1 rac库 2个节点

目标库：11.2.0.1 RHEL6.5

本文也可以理解成rac环境下的如何数据库迁移到单实例的数据库环境下，默认目标库已经安装好了同源库一样的数据库版本。

实验部分

实验目标

将11.2.0.1下的rac库备份并恢复到11.2.0.1下的单实例环境下。

源rac库执行

rac库需要执行备份并传递到目标库。

查看rac环境及创建测试表

[root@node2 ~]# cat /etc/hosts

# Do not remove the following line, or various programs

# that require network functionality will fail.

127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost

::1 localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6

#public

192.168.1.31 node1

192.168.1.32 node2

#vip

192.168.1.131 node1-vip

192.168.1.132 node2-vip

#priv

9.9.9.31 node1-priv

9.9.9.32 node2-priv

#scan

192.168.1.35 cluster-scan

[root@node2 ~]# ifconfig

eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:79:BA:86

inet addr:192.168.1.32 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0

UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1

RX packets:150190 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:109804 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000

RX bytes:205303912 (195.7 MiB) TX bytes:20182601 (19.2 MiB)

eth0:1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:79:BA:86

inet addr:192.168.1.132 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0

UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1

eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:79:BA:90

inet addr:9.9.9.32 Bcast:9.9.9.255 Mask:255.255.255.0

UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1

RX packets:49075 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:49811 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000

RX bytes:23642469 (22.5 MiB) TX bytes:31528595 (30.0 MiB)

lo Link encap:Local Loopback

inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0

UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1

RX packets:16496 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

TX packets:16496 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

collisions:0 txqueuelen:0

RX bytes:15118447 (14.4 MiB) TX bytes:15118447 (14.4 MiB)

[root@node2 ~]#

[root@node2 ~]# crsstat

Name Type Target State Host

------------------------------ -------------------------- ---------- --------- -------

ora.ARCH.dg ora.diskgroup.type ONLINE ONLINE node1

ora.DATA.dg ora.diskgroup.type ONLINE ONLINE node1

ora.LISTENER.lsnr ora.listener.type ONLINE ONLINE node1

ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr ora.scan_listener.type ONLINE ONLINE node1

ora.OVDISK.dg ora.diskgroup.type ONLINE ONLINE node1

ora.TEST.dg ora.diskgroup.type ONLINE ONLINE node1

ora.asm ora.asm.type ONLINE ONLINE node1

ora.db.db ora.database.type OFFLINE OFFLINE

ora.eons ora.eons.type ONLINE ONLINE node1

ora.gsd ora.gsd.type OFFLINE OFFLINE

ora.jmrac.db ora.database.type ONLINE ONLINE node1

ora.jmrac.haha.svc ora.service.type ONLINE ONLINE node1

ora.net1.network ora.network.type ONLINE ONLINE node1

ora.node1.ASM1.asm application ONLINE ONLINE node1

ora.node1.LISTENER_NODE1.lsnr application ONLINE ONLINE node1

ora.node1.gsd application OFFLINE OFFLINE

ora.node1.ons application ONLINE ONLINE node1

ora.node1.vip ora.cluster_vip_net1.type ONLINE ONLINE node1

ora.node2.ASM2.asm application ONLINE ONLINE node2

ora.node2.LISTENER_NODE2.lsnr application ONLINE ONLINE node2

ora.node2.gsd application OFFLINE OFFLINE

ora.node2.ons application ONLINE ONLINE node2

ora.node2.vip ora.cluster_vip_net1.type ONLINE ONLINE node2

ora.oc4j ora.oc4j.type OFFLINE OFFLINE

ora.ons ora.ons.type ONLINE ONLINE node1

ora.ora11g.db ora.database.type OFFLINE OFFLINE

ora.registry.acfs ora.registry.acfs.type ONLINE ONLINE node1

ora.scan1.vip ora.scan_vip.type ONLINE ONLINE node1

[root@node2 ~]#

[oracle@node2 ~]$ ORACLE_SID=jmrac2

[oracle@node2 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Fri May 29 10:58:42 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,

Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> show parameter cluster

NAME TYPE VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

cluster_database boolean TRUE

cluster_database_instances integer 2

cluster_interconnects string

SQL> show parameter name

NAME TYPE VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

db_file_name_convert string

db_name string jmrac

db_unique_name string jmrac

global_names boolean FALSE

instance_name string jmrac2

lock_name_space string

log_file_name_convert string

service_names string HAHA

SQL> archive log list;

Database log mode Archive Mode

Automatic archival Enabled

Archive destination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST

Oldest online log sequence 41

Next log sequence to archive 42

Current log sequence 42

SQL>

SQL> create table lhr.rac_to_single_test as select * from dba_objects;

Table created.

SQL> select count(1) from lhr.rac_to_single_test ;

COUNT(1)

----------

72510

SQL>

SQL> set line 9999 pagesize 9999

SQL> col FILE_NAME format a60

SQL> select 'datafile' file_type, file#,name FILE_NAME,status,enabled from v$datafile

2 union all

3 select 'tempfile',file#,name FILE_NAME,status,enabled from v$tempfile

4 union all

5 select 'logfile',group# file#,member FILE_NAME,status,'' from v$logfile

6 union all

7 select 'controlfile', to_number('') ,name FILE_NAME,status,'' from v$controlfile

8 ;

FILE_TYPE FILE# FILE_NAME STATUS ENABLED

----------- ---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ ------- ----------

datafile 1 +DATA/jmrac/datafile/system.268.877470209 SYSTEM READ WRITE

datafile 2 +DATA/jmrac/datafile/sysaux.269.877470211 ONLINE READ WRITE

datafile 3 +DATA/jmrac/datafile/undotbs1.270.877470213 ONLINE READ WRITE

datafile 4 +DATA/jmrac/datafile/users.271.877470213 ONLINE READ WRITE

datafile 5 +DATA/jmrac/datafile/example.279.877470401 ONLINE READ WRITE

datafile 6 +DATA/jmrac/datafile/undotbs2.280.877470779 ONLINE READ WRITE

tempfile 1 +DATA/jmrac/tempfile/temp.278.877470381 ONLINE READ WRITE

logfile 2 +DATA/jmrac/onlinelog/group_2.276.877470349

logfile 2 +DATA/jmrac/onlinelog/group_2.277.877470349

logfile 1 +DATA/jmrac/onlinelog/group_1.274.877470345

logfile 1 +DATA/jmrac/onlinelog/group_1.275.877470345

logfile 3 +DATA/jmrac/onlinelog/group_3.281.877470929

logfile 3 +DATA/jmrac/onlinelog/group_3.282.877470931

logfile 4 +DATA/jmrac/onlinelog/group_4.283.877470937

logfile 4 +DATA/jmrac/onlinelog/group_4.284.877470943

controlfile +DATA/jmrac/controlfile/current.273.877470341

controlfile +DATA/jmrac/controlfile/current.272.877470343

17 rows selected.

SQL>

我后续将在192.168.1.32即rac的第二个节点上执行操作，db_name为jmrac，数据库为归档模式，创建测试表lhr.rac_to_single_test，数据量为72510 行，其中有个crsstat命令，可以参考：【RAC】如何让Oracle RAC crs_stat 命令显示完整 http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-1610957/

生成pfile文件

SQL> show parameter instance_n

NAME TYPE VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

instance_name string jmrac2

instance_number integer 2

SQL> show parameter spfile

NAME TYPE VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

spfile string +DATA/jmrac/spfilejmrac.ora

SQL> create pfile='/home/oracle/rman_back/initjmrac.ora' from spfile;

File created.

SQL>

执行备份操作

备份脚本如下：

run

{

allocate channel c1 type disk;

allocate channel c2 type disk;

backup database format '/home/oracle/rmanback/full%n%T%t%s%p.bak';

sql 'alter system archive log current';

backup archivelog all format '/home/oracle/rmanback/arch%d%T%s_%p.bak' delete input;

backup current controlfile format '/home/oracle/rmanback/ctl%d%T%s_%p.bak';

release channel c1;

release channel c2;

}

执行过程如下：

[oracle@node2 ~]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Fri May 29 11:12:51 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

connected to target database: JMRAC (DBID=1916705604)

{

run

2> {

3> allocate channel c1 type disk;

4> allocate channel c2 type disk;

5> backup database format '/home/oracle/rmanback/full%n%T%t%s%p.bak';

6> sql 'alter system archive log current';

7> backup archivelog all format '/home/oracle/rmanback/arch%d%T%s_%p.bak' delete input;

8> backup current controlfile format '/home/oracle/rmanback/ctl%d%T%s_%p.bak';

9> release channel c1;

10> release channel c2;

11> }

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

allocated channel: c1

channel c1: SID=55 instance=jmrac2 device type=DISK

allocated channel: c2

channel c2: SID=57 instance=jmrac2 device type=DISK

Starting backup at 29-MAY-2015 11:12:59

channel c1: starting full datafile backup set

channel c1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

input datafile file number=00001 name=+DATA/jmrac/datafile/system.268.877470209

input datafile file number=00004 name=+DATA/jmrac/datafile/users.271.877470213

input datafile file number=00006 name=+DATA/jmrac/datafile/undotbs2.280.877470779

channel c1: starting piece 1 at 29-MAY-2015 11:13:00

channel c2: starting full datafile backup set

channel c2: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

input datafile file number=00002 name=+DATA/jmrac/datafile/sysaux.269.877470211

input datafile file number=00005 name=+DATA/jmrac/datafile/example.279.877470401

input datafile file number=00003 name=+DATA/jmrac/datafile/undotbs1.270.877470213

channel c2: starting piece 1 at 29-MAY-2015 11:13:00

channel c1: finished piece 1 at 29-MAY-2015 11:15:35

piece handle=/home/oracle/rman_back/full_JMRACxxx_20150529_880974780_5_1.bak tag=TAG20150529T111259 comment=NONE

channel c1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:02:35

channel c1: starting full datafile backup set

channel c1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

channel c2: finished piece 1 at 29-MAY-2015 11:15:35

piece handle=/home/oracle/rman_back/full_JMRACxxx_20150529_880974780_6_1.bak tag=TAG20150529T111259 comment=NONE

channel c2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:02:35

channel c2: starting full datafile backup set

channel c2: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

including current SPFILE in backup set

channel c2: starting piece 1 at 29-MAY-2015 11:15:35

including current control file in backup set

channel c1: starting piece 1 at 29-MAY-2015 11:15:38

channel c2: finished piece 1 at 29-MAY-2015 11:15:38

piece handle=/home/oracle/rman_back/full_JMRACxxx_20150529_880974935_8_1.bak tag=TAG20150529T111259 comment=NONE

channel c2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03

channel c1: finished piece 1 at 29-MAY-2015 11:15:40

piece handle=/home/oracle/rman_back/full_JMRACxxx_20150529_880974935_7_1.bak tag=TAG20150529T111259 comment=NONE

channel c1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02

Finished backup at 29-MAY-2015 11:15:40

sql statement: alter system archive log current

Starting backup at 29-MAY-2015 11:15:53

current log archived

channel c1: starting archived log backup set

channel c1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set

input archived log thread=2 sequence=31 RECID=50 STAMP=879502099

input archived log thread=1 sequence=24 RECID=52 STAMP=879511365

input archived log thread=2 sequence=32 RECID=51 STAMP=879502100

input archived log thread=1 sequence=25 RECID=55 STAMP=879527440

input archived log thread=2 sequence=33 RECID=53 STAMP=879522769

input archived log thread=2 sequence=34 RECID=54 STAMP=879527240

input archived log thread=2 sequence=35 RECID=57 STAMP=879586992

input archived log thread=1 sequence=26 RECID=56 STAMP=879527447

input archived log thread=1 sequence=27 RECID=60 STAMP=879590456

input archived log thread=2 sequence=36 RECID=58 STAMP=879586995

input archived log thread=2 sequence=37 RECID=59 STAMP=879590456

input archived log thread=1 sequence=28 RECID=61 STAMP=879590457

channel c1: starting piece 1 at 29-MAY-2015 11:16:05

channel c2: starting archived log backup set

channel c2: specifying archived log(s) in backup set

input archived log thread=2 sequence=38 RECID=63 STAMP=880971338

input archived log thread=1 sequence=29 RECID=62 STAMP=880971333

input archived log thread=2 sequence=39 RECID=64 STAMP=880971341

input archived log thread=1 sequence=30 RECID=65 STAMP=880972786

input archived log thread=2 sequence=40 RECID=66 STAMP=880972787

input archived log thread=2 sequence=41 RECID=67 STAMP=880972787

input archived log thread=1 sequence=31 RECID=68 STAMP=880974598

channel c2: starting piece 1 at 29-MAY-2015 11:16:05

channel c1: finished piece 1 at 29-MAY-2015 11:16:20

piece handle=/home/oracle/rman_back/arch_JMRAC_20150529_9_1.bak tag=TAG20150529T111603 comment=NONE

channel c1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15

channel c1: deleting archived log(s)

archived log file name=+DATA/jmrac/archivelog/2015_05_12/thread_2_seq_31.359.879502097 RECID=50 STAMP=879502099

archived log file name=+DATA/jmrac/archivelog/2015_05_12/thread_1_seq_24.356.879511361 RECID=52 STAMP=879511365

archived log file name=+DATA/jmrac/archivelog/2015_05_12/thread_2_seq_32.357.879502099 RECID=51 STAMP=879502100

archived log file name=+DATA/jmrac/archivelog/2015_05_12/thread_1_seq_25.352.879527441 RECID=55 STAMP=879527440

archived log file name=+DATA/jmrac/archivelog/2015_05_12/thread_2_seq_33.353.879522767 RECID=53 STAMP=879522769

archived log file name=+DATA/jmrac/archivelog/2015_05_12/thread_2_seq_34.351.879527239 RECID=54 STAMP=879527240

archived log file name=+DATA/jmrac/archivelog/2015_05_13/thread_2_seq_35.333.879586991 RECID=57 STAMP=879586992

archived log file name=+DATA/jmrac/archivelog/2015_05_12/thread_1_seq_26.335.879527445 RECID=56 STAMP=879527447

archived log file name=+DATA/jmrac/archivelog/2015_05_13/thread_1_seq_27.331.879590457 RECID=60 STAMP=879590456

archived log file name=+DATA/jmrac/archivelog/2015_05_13/thread_2_seq_36.334.879586995 RECID=58 STAMP=879586995

archived log file name=+DATA/jmrac/archivelog/2015_05_13/thread_2_seq_37.332.879590455 RECID=59 STAMP=879590456

archived log file name=+DATA/jmrac/archivelog/2015_05_13/thread_1_seq_28.329.879590457 RECID=61 STAMP=879590457

channel c1: starting archived log backup set

channel c1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set

input archived log thread=2 sequence=42 RECID=70 STAMP=880974952

input archived log thread=1 sequence=32 RECID=69 STAMP=880974952

input archived log thread=1 sequence=33 RECID=72 STAMP=880974959

input archived log thread=2 sequence=43 RECID=71 STAMP=880974953

channel c1: starting piece 1 at 29-MAY-2015 11:16:23

channel c2: finished piece 1 at 29-MAY-2015 11:16:23

piece handle=/home/oracle/rman_back/arch_JMRAC_20150529_10_1.bak tag=TAG20150529T111603 comment=NONE

channel c2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:18

channel c2: deleting archived log(s)

archived log file name=+DATA/jmrac/archivelog/2015_05_29/thread_2_seq_38.330.880971315 RECID=63 STAMP=880971338

archived log file name=+DATA/jmrac/archivelog/2015_05_29/thread_1_seq_29.327.880971317 RECID=62 STAMP=880971333

archived log file name=+DATA/jmrac/archivelog/2015_05_29/thread_2_seq_39.326.880971341 RECID=64 STAMP=880971341

archived log file name=+DATA/jmrac/archivelog/2015_05_29/thread_1_seq_30.328.880972785 RECID=65 STAMP=880972786

archived log file name=+DATA/jmrac/archivelog/2015_05_29/thread_2_seq_40.325.880972785 RECID=66 STAMP=880972787

archived log file name=+DATA/jmrac/archivelog/2015_05_29/thread_2_seq_41.324.880972787 RECID=67 STAMP=880972787

archived log file name=+DATA/jmrac/archivelog/2015_05_29/thread_1_seq_31.322.880974595 RECID=68 STAMP=880974598

channel c1: finished piece 1 at 29-MAY-2015 11:16:23

piece handle=/home/oracle/rman_back/arch_JMRAC_20150529_11_1.bak tag=TAG20150529T111603 comment=NONE

channel c1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00

channel c1: deleting archived log(s)

archived log file name=+DATA/jmrac/archivelog/2015_05_29/thread_2_seq_42.321.880974951 RECID=70 STAMP=880974952

archived log file name=+DATA/jmrac/archivelog/2015_05_29/thread_1_seq_32.323.880974951 RECID=69 STAMP=880974952

archived log file name=+DATA/jmrac/archivelog/2015_05_29/thread_1_seq_33.318.880974959 RECID=72 STAMP=880974959

archived log file name=+DATA/jmrac/archivelog/2015_05_29/thread_2_seq_43.320.880974953 RECID=71 STAMP=880974953

Finished backup at 29-MAY-2015 11:16:23

Starting backup at 29-MAY-2015 11:16:24

channel c1: starting full datafile backup set

channel c1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

including current control file in backup set

channel c1: starting piece 1 at 29-MAY-2015 11:16:25

channel c1: finished piece 1 at 29-MAY-2015 11:16:26

piece handle=/home/oracle/rman_back/ctl_JMRAC_20150529_12_1.bak tag=TAG20150529T111624 comment=NONE

channel c1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished backup at 29-MAY-2015 11:16:26

released channel: c1

released channel: c2

RMAN>

RMAN> exit

Recovery Manager complete.

[oracle@node2 ~]$ cd rman_back/

[oracle@node2 rman_back]$ ll

total 1313928

-rw-r----- 1 oracle asmadmin 85005824 May 29 11:16 arch_JMRAC_20150529_10_1.bak

-rw-r----- 1 oracle asmadmin 14320128 May 29 11:16 arch_JMRAC_20150529_11_1.bak

-rw-r----- 1 oracle asmadmin 34693632 May 29 11:16 arch_JMRAC_20150529_9_1.bak

-rw-r----- 1 oracle asmadmin 18579456 May 29 11:16 ctl_JMRAC_20150529_12_1.bak

-rw-r----- 1 oracle asmadmin 648372224 May 29 11:15 full_JMRACxxx_20150529_880974780_5_1.bak

-rw-r----- 1 oracle asmadmin 524435456 May 29 11:15 full_JMRACxxx_20150529_880974780_6_1.bak

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