yum安装报错“No module named yum”
Tags： LinuxNo module named yumPython升级yumyum安装故障处理重新安装yum
现象
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 | [root@XT-Server80 yum.repos.d]# yum install -y wget There was a problem importing one of the Python modules required to run yum. The error leading to this problem was: No module named yum Please install a package which provides this module, or verify that the module is installed correctly. It's possible that the above module doesn't match the current version of Python, which is: 2.7.12 (default, May 15 2020, 01:24:42) [GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-39)] If you cannot solve this problem yourself, please go to the yum faq at: http://yum.baseurl.org/wiki/Faq [root@XT-Server80 yum.repos.d]# cat /etc/redhat-release CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810 (Core) [root@XT-Server80 yum.repos.d]# python -V Python 2.7.12 [root@XT-Server80 Python-2.7.5]# python Python 2.7.12 (default, May 15 2020, 01:24:42) [GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-39)] on linux2 Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> import yum Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> ImportError: No module named yum >>> import sys >>> import yum Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> ImportError: No module named yum >>> |
故障分析
在CentOS 7上，yum依赖的Python版本为 2.7.5版本。在CentOS 6上，yum依赖的Python版本为 2.6.6版本。
原理：yum依赖于python，运行yum指令实际上是在python环境调用yum库运行后续指令；
报错原因：通常是安装了高版本的python替换了系统内置的，由于版本高，库没有，导致没法使用。
解决办法
1、若原来的Python版本还在，那么需要修改2个文件：vim /usr/bin/yum 和 vi /usr/libexec/urlgrabber-ext-down
将第一行代码#!/usr/bin/python改成python原来的版本： #!/usr/bin/pythonXXX
这种情况只适用于你新装的python与yum原本依赖的python版本并存的情况下 才有效
2、若原来的python版本已经被覆盖了，那么就需要重新安装Python和yum包，步骤如下：
a、删除现有的python和yum
1 2 3 4 5 6 | rpm -qa|grep python|xargs rpm -ev --allmatches --nodeps whereis python |xargs rm -frv -rf whereis python rpm -qa|grep yum|xargs rpm -ev --allmatches --nodeps whereis yum |xargs rm -frv -rf |
b、下载需要的包，包下载地址如下：http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/
我的环境是CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810 (Core) ，如下的包是7.3环境的，但是也可以用于7.6，下载的包如下所示：
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 | wget http://vault.centos.org/7.3.1611/os/x86_64/Packages/python-2.7.5-48.el7.x86_64.rpm wget http://vault.centos.org/7.3.1611/os/x86_64/Packages/python-devel-2.7.5-48.el7.x86_64.rpm wget http://vault.centos.org/7.3.1611/os/x86_64/Packages/python-libs-2.7.5-48.el7.x86_64.rpm wget http://vault.centos.org/7.3.1611/os/x86_64/Packages/rpm-python-4.11.3-21.el7.x86_64.rpm wget http://vault.centos.org/7.3.1611/os/x86_64/Packages/python-iniparse-0.4-9.el7.noarch.rpm wget http://vault.centos.org/7.3.1611/os/x86_64/Packages/python-pycurl-7.19.0-19.el7.x86_64.rpm wget http://vault.centos.org/7.3.1611/os/x86_64/Packages/python-urlgrabber-3.10-8.el7.noarch.rpm wget http://vault.centos.org/7.3.1611/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-3.4.3-150.el7.centos.noarch.rpm wget http://vault.centos.org/7.3.1611/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm wget http://vault.centos.org/7.3.1611/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-40.el7.noarch.rpm |
若是下载较慢，也可以找个和该系统版本一样的系统，然后下载rpm包，最后scp过去再安装也可以：
1 | yum reinstall -y python python-devel python-setuptools python-pip python-iniparse python-libs python-pycurl python-urlgrabber rpm-python yum yum-metadata-parser yum-plugin-fastestmirror --downloadonly --downloaddir=/soft |
也可以直接去如下地址下载：http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/
c、安装包即可：
1 2 | rpm -Uvh --replacepkgs python*.rpm --nodeps rpm -Uvh --replacepkgs rpm-python*.rpm yum*.rpm --nodeps |
3、若启动Python时报“ImportError: No module named site”错误，那么请清空如下的变量：
1 2 | unset PYTHONPATH unset PYTHONHOME |
supervisor报错
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 | vim /usr/bin/echo_supervisord_conf vim /usr/bin/supervisorctl vim /usr/bin/supervisord 三个文件都修改 #!/usr/bin/python 改为 #!/usr/bin/python2.7.5 |
总结
1、若原来的yum依赖的python还存在，则直接修改文件/usr/bin/yum 和 /usr/libexec/urlgrabber-ext-down
2、若原来的yum依赖的python不存在，则需要重新安装yum和python2版本。注意：这里的yum包也必须重新安装，因为安装yum会重新安装部分的site-packages包，包括rpmUtils和yum。默认的site-packages包位置在/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/
