合 AIX安装Oracle 11gR2 单实例ASM的 GRID+DB(Restart环境)
前言部分
导读和注意事项
各位技术爱好者,看完本文后,你可以掌握如下的技能,也可以学到一些其它你所不知道的知识,~O(∩_∩)O~:
① 基于aix安装11gR2的grid和db软件(重点)
② 静默安装
AIX安装单实例11gR2 GRID+DB
安装环境收集
项目 | primary db |
---|---|
db 类型 | 单实例 |
db version | 11.2.0.3.0 |
db 存储 | ASM |
主机IP地址/hosts配置 | 22.188.187.158 ZFFR4CB1101 |
OS版本及kernel版本 | AIX 64位 7.1.0.0 |
系统硬件检测
内存的基本要求
至少1GB的物理内存
Oracle官方推荐内存2GB或者更多
这里我们如果是实验环境满足基本条件即可。实际生产环境要充分的评估业务使用情况和系统的架构来制定内存的分配和预留。
在AIX系统命令行中输入
# getconf REAL_MEMORY
11927552
我们内存是12G,非常充裕,这个和实际生产系统使用的内存也差不多
l 下表列出内存与交换空间大小的对应关系
可用内存RAM | 交换空间需求 |
---|---|
1GB到2GB之间 | 内存大小的1.5倍 |
2GB到16GB之间 | 等于内存的大小 |
超过16GB | 以16GB为准 |
查看要安装的AIX6.1系统的交换空间的尺寸,通过以下命令
# lsps -a
Page Space Physical Volume Volume Group Size %Used Active Auto Type Chksum
hd6 hdisk0 rootvg 11264MB 1 yes yes lv 0
输出的结果是我们物理内存12个G,这里系统还占用一小部分,如果不是的话,
chps –s number hd6 增加交换空间,例如 chps –s 28 hd6 28*pp size算出number数即可。
1.2 磁盘空间要求
l 至少1GB的/TMP 目录空间
我们继续满足条件,这个空间其实可以给大了,我们还要利用它存放oracle 11g安装包,这里我们给20个G.继续下一个环节
1.3 运行级别要求
l 确保系统运行在2级别模式
# cat /etc/.init.state
2.检查软件需求
2.1 操作系统要求
l AIX 5L V5.3 TL 09 SP1 ("5300-09-01"), 64 bit kernel
l AIX 6.1 TL 02 SP 1 ("6100-02-01), 64-bit kernel
l AIX 7.1 TL 0 SP 1 ("7100-00-01"), 64-bit kernel
我们满足上面罗列出的基本条件即可,或者更高的修订版本,但是不能比上面所列出的低。我们安装的是AIX 6.1的系统,确认操作系统版本,命令如下
# oslevel –s
6100-07-00-0000
满足安装条件,我们继续下一步
2.2 安装oracle 11G 所需要的操作系统环境包
我们要确保以下的操作系统环境包已安装
bos.adt.base
bos.adt.lib
bos.adt.libm
bos.perf.libperfstat 6.1.2.1 or later
bos.perf.perfstat
bos.perf.proctools
xlC.aix61.rte.10.1.0.0 or later
xlC.rte.10.1.0.0 or later
gpfs.base 3.2.1.8 or later
命令行查询是否安装
# lslpp -l bos.adt.base bos.adt.lib bos.adt.libm bos.perf.perfstat bos.perf.libperfstat bos.perf.proctools
一般情况只要将AIX升级到最新的TL,这一步应该没有问题
查看物理内存大小
#/usr/sbin/lsattr -E -l sys0 -a realmem
realmem 2031616 Amount of usable physical memory in Kbytes False
查看swap space,交换空间通常情况下是物理内存的2倍,通常采用如下公式计算交换空间的大小512M + (物理内存大小(单位M) - 256M) * 1.25
#lsps -a
Page Space Physical Volume Volume Group Size %Used Active Auto Type
hd6 hdisk0 rootvg 512MB 1 yes yes lv
查看系统结构,AIX下安装ORACLE需要是64位的系统
# getconf HARDWARE_BITMODE
64
或者
# bootinfo -K
64
检查OS版本,11GR2需要5300-09以上的版本
# oslevel -s
5300-10-00-0000
检查如下包是否已经安装,没有的话需要smit install进行安装
lslpp -l bos.adt.base
lslpp -l bos.adt.lib
lslpp -l bos.adt.libm
lslpp -l bos.perf.perfstat
lslpp -l bos.perf.libperfstat
lslpp -l bos.perf.proctools
lslpp -l rsct.basic.rte (这个包官方文档没有提及,不安装的情况下检查通不过)
[ZFFR4CB2101:root]/]> getconf REAL_MEMORY
4194304
[ZFFR4CB2101:root]/]> /usr/sbin/lsattr -E -l sys0 -a realmem
realmem 4194304 Amount of usable physical memory in Kbytes False
[ZFFR4CB2101:root]/]> lsps -a
Page Space Physical Volume Volume Group Size %Used Active Auto Type Chksum
hd6 hdisk0 rootvg 8192MB 0 yes yes lv 0
[ZFFR4CB2101:root]/]> getconf HARDWARE_BITMODE
64
[ZFFR4CB2101:root]/]> bootinfo -K
64
[ZFFR4CB2101:root]/]>
[ZFFR4CB2101:root]/]> df -g
Filesystem GB blocks Free %Used Iused %Iused Mounted on
/dev/hd4 4.25 4.00 6% 12709 2% /
/dev/hd2 10.00 4.57 55% 118820 11% /usr
/dev/hd9var 4.50 4.24 6% 1178 1% /var
/dev/hd3 4.25 4.23 1% 172 1% /tmp
/dev/hd1 1.00 1.00 1% 77 1% /home
/dev/hd11admin 0.25 0.25 1% 7 1% /admin
/proc - - - - - /proc
/dev/hd10opt 4.50 4.37 3% 2567 1% /opt
/dev/livedump 1.00 1.00 1% 6 1% /var/adm/ras/livedump
/dev/Plv_install 1.00 1.00 1% 4 1% /install
/dev/Plv_mtool 1.00 1.00 1% 4 1% /mtool
/dev/Plv_audit 2.00 1.99 1% 5 1% /audit
/dev/Plv_ftplog 1.00 1.00 1% 5 1% /ftplog
/dev/Tlv_bocnet 50.00 49.99 1% 4 1% /bocnet
/dev/Tlv_WebSphere 10.00 5.71 43% 45590 4% /WebSphere
/dev/TLV_TEST_DATA 100.00 99.98 1% 7 1% /lhr
/dev/tlv_softtmp 30.00 20.30 33% 5639 1% /softtmp
ZTDNETAP3:/nfs 1240.00 14.39 99% 513017 14% /nfs
/dev/tlv_u01 50.00 32.90 35% 51714 1% /u01
[ZFFR4CB2101:root]/]> cat /etc/.init.state
2
[ZFFR4CB2101:root]/]> oslevel -s
7100-03-03-1415
[ZFFR4CB2101:root]/]> lslpp -l bos.adt.base bos.adt.lib bos.adt.libm bos.perf.perfstat bos.perf.libperfstat bos.perf.proctools
Fileset Level State Description
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Path: /usr/lib/objrepos
bos.adt.base 7.1.3.15 COMMITTED Base Application Development
Toolkit
bos.adt.lib 7.1.2.15 COMMITTED Base Application Development
Libraries
bos.adt.libm 7.1.3.0 COMMITTED Base Application Development
Math Library
bos.perf.libperfstat 7.1.3.15 COMMITTED Performance Statistics Library
Interface
bos.perf.perfstat 7.1.3.15 COMMITTED Performance Statistics
Interface
Path: /etc/objrepos
bos.adt.base 7.1.3.15 COMMITTED Base Application Development
Toolkit
bos.perf.libperfstat 7.1.3.15 COMMITTED Performance Statistics Library
Interface
bos.perf.perfstat 7.1.3.15 COMMITTED Performance Statistics
Interface
lslpp: 0504-132 Fileset bos.perf.proctools not installed.
创建文件系统
/usr/lpp/EMC/Symmetrix/bin/inq.aix64_51 -showvol -sid
lspv
mkvg -S -y t_u01_vg -s 128 hdisk22
mklv -t jfs2 -y tlv_u01 -x 1024 t_u01_vg 400
crfs -v jfs2 -d tlv_u01 -m /u01 -A yes
mount /u01
mklv -t jfs2 -y tlv_softtmp -x 1024 t_u01_vg 240
crfs -v jfs2 -d tlv_softtmp -m /softtmp -A yes
mount /softtmp
[ZFFR4CB2101:root]/]> /usr/lpp/EMC/Symmetrix/bin/inq.aix64_51 -showvol -sid
Inquiry utility, Version V7.3-1214 (Rev 0.1) (SIL Version V7.3.0.1 (Edit Level 1214)
Copyright (C) by EMC Corporation, all rights reserved.
For help type inq -h.
.........................
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DEVICE :VEND :PROD :REV :SER NUM :Volume :CAP(kb) :SYMM ID
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/dev/rhdisk0 :AIX :VDASD :0001 :hdisk5 : 00000: 134246400 :N/A
/dev/rhdisk1 :EMC :SYMMETRIX :5876 :640250a000 : 0250A: 2880 :000492600664
/dev/rhdisk2 :EMC :SYMMETRIX :5876 :640250b000 : 0250B: 2880 :000492600664
/dev/rhdisk3 :EMC :SYMMETRIX :5876 :640250c000 : 0250C: 2880 :000492600664
/dev/rhdisk4 :EMC :SYMMETRIX :5876 :640250d000 : 0250D: 2880 :000492600664
/dev/rhdisk5 :EMC :SYMMETRIX :5876 :64026f6000 : 026F6: 134246400 :000492600664
/dev/rhdisk6 :EMC :SYMMETRIX :5876 :64026fe000 : 026FE: 134246400 :000492600664
/dev/rhdisk7 :EMC :SYMMETRIX :5876 :6402706000 : 02706: 134246400 :000492600664
/dev/rhdisk8 :EMC :SYMMETRIX :5876 :640270e000 : 0270E: 134246400 :000492600664
/dev/rhdisk9 :EMC :SYMMETRIX :5876 :6402716000 : 02716: 134246400 :000492600664
/dev/rhdisk10 :EMC :SYMMETRIX :5876 :640271e000 : 0271E: 134246400 :000492600664
/dev/rhdisk11 :EMC :SYMMETRIX :5876 :6402726000 : 02726: 134246400 :000492600664
/dev/rhdisk12 :EMC :SYMMETRIX :5876 :640272e000 : 0272E: 134246400 :000492600664
/dev/rhdisk13 :EMC :SYMMETRIX :5876 :6402736000 : 02736: 134246400 :000492600664
/dev/rhdisk14 :EMC :SYMMETRIX :5876 :640273e000 : 0273E: 134246400 :000492600664
/dev/rhdisk15 :EMC :SYMMETRIX :5876 :6402746000 : 02746: 134246400 :000492600664
/dev/rhdisk16 :EMC :SYMMETRIX :5876 :640274e000 : 0274E: 134246400 :000492600664
/dev/rhdisk17 :EMC :SYMMETRIX :5876 :6402756000 : 02756: 134246400 :000492600664
/dev/rhdisk18 :EMC :SYMMETRIX :5876 :640275e000 : 0275E: 134246400 :000492600664
/dev/rhdisk19 :EMC :SYMMETRIX :5876 :6402766000 : 02766: 134246400 :000492600664
/dev/rhdisk20 :EMC :SYMMETRIX :5876 :640276e000 : 0276E: 134246400 :000492600664
/dev/rhdisk21 :EMC :SYMMETRIX :5876 :6402776000 : 02776: 134246400 :000492600664
/dev/rhdisk22 :EMC :SYMMETRIX :5876 :640277e000 : 0277E: 134246400 :000492600664
/dev/rhdisk23 :EMC :SYMMETRIX :5876 :6402786000 : 02786: 134246400 :000492600664
/dev/rhdisk24 :EMC :SYMMETRIX :5876 :640278e000 : 0278E: 134246400 :000492600664
[ZFFR4CB2101:root]/]> lspv
hdisk0 00c49fc434da2434 rootvg active
hdisk1 00c49fc461fc76b2 None
hdisk2 00c49fc461fc76f5 None
hdisk3 00c49fc461fc7739 None
hdisk4 00c49fc461fc777a None
hdisk5 00c49fc461fc77bd None
hdisk6 00c49fc461fc77fe None
hdisk7 00c49fc461fc783f None
hdisk8 00c49fc461fc7880 None
hdisk9 00c49fc461fc78c5 None
hdisk10 00c49fc461fc7908 None
hdisk11 00c49fc461fc7958 None
hdisk12 00c49fc461fc79a0 None
hdisk13 00c49fc461fc79ea None
hdisk14 00c49fc461fc7a2f None
hdisk15 00c49fc461fc7a71 None
hdisk16 00c49fc461fc7ab1 None
hdisk17 00c49fb4e3a8fc12 None
hdisk18 00c49fc461fc7b3b T_NET_APP_vg active
hdisk19 00c49fc461fc7b7d None
hdisk20 00c49fc461fc7bbe None
hdisk21 00c49fc461fc7bff None
hdisk22 00c49fc461fc7c40 None
hdisk23 00c49fc461fc7c88 T_TEST_LHR_VG active
hdisk24 00c49fc461fc7cca T_TEST_LHR_VG active
[ZFFR4CB2101:root]/]> df -g
Filesystem GB blocks Free %Used Iused %Iused Mounted on
/dev/hd4 4.25 4.00 6% 12643 2% /
/dev/hd2 10.00 4.58 55% 118785 10% /usr
/dev/hd9var 4.50 4.08 10% 1175 1% /var
/dev/hd3 4.25 3.75 12% 1717 1% /tmp
/dev/hd1 1.00 1.00 1% 17 1% /home
/dev/hd11admin 0.25 0.25 1% 7 1% /admin
/proc - - - - - /proc
/dev/hd10opt 4.50 4.37 3% 2559 1% /opt
/dev/livedump 1.00 1.00 1% 6 1% /var/adm/ras/livedump
/dev/Plv_install 1.00 1.00 1% 4 1% /install
/dev/Plv_mtool 1.00 1.00 1% 4 1% /mtool
/dev/Plv_audit 2.00 1.99 1% 5 1% /audit
/dev/Plv_ftplog 1.00 1.00 1% 5 1% /ftplog
/dev/Tlv_bocnet 50.00 49.99 1% 4 1% /bocnet
/dev/Tlv_WebSphere 10.00 5.71 43% 45590 4% /WebSphere
/dev/TLV_TEST_DATA 100.00 99.98 1% 7 1% /lhr
ZTDNETAP3:/nfs 1240.00 14.39 99% 512924 14% /nfs
ZTINIMSERVER:/sharebkup 5500.00 1258.99 78% 2495764 1% /sharebkup
[ZFFR4CB2101:root]/]> mklv -t jfs2 -y tlv_u01 -x 1024 t_u01_vg 400
tlv_u01
[ZFFR4CB2101:root]/]> crfs -v jfs2 -d tlv_u01 -m /u01 -A yes
File system created successfully.
52426996 kilobytes total disk space.
New File System size is 104857600
[ZFFR4CB2101:root]/]> mount /u01
[ZFFR4CB2101:root]/]> df -g
Filesystem GB blocks Free %Used Iused %Iused Mounted on
/dev/hd4 4.25 4.00 6% 12648 2% /
/dev/hd2 10.00 4.58 55% 118785 10% /usr
/dev/hd9var 4.50 4.08 10% 1176 1% /var
/dev/hd3 4.25 3.75 12% 1717 1% /tmp
/dev/hd1 1.00 1.00 1% 17 1% /home
/dev/hd11admin 0.25 0.25 1% 7 1% /admin
/proc - - - - - /proc
/dev/hd10opt 4.50 4.37 3% 2559 1% /opt
/dev/livedump 1.00 1.00 1% 6 1% /var/adm/ras/livedump
/dev/Plv_install 1.00 1.00 1% 4 1% /install
/dev/Plv_mtool 1.00 1.00 1% 4 1% /mtool
/dev/Plv_audit 2.00 1.99 1% 5 1% /audit
/dev/Plv_ftplog 1.00 1.00 1% 5 1% /ftplog
/dev/Tlv_bocnet 50.00 49.99 1% 4 1% /bocnet
/dev/Tlv_WebSphere 10.00 5.71 43% 45590 4% /WebSphere
/dev/TLV_TEST_DATA 100.00 99.98 1% 7 1% /lhr
ZTDNETAP3:/nfs 1240.00 14.39 99% 512924 14% /nfs
ZTINIMSERVER:/sharebkup 5500.00 1258.99 78% 2495764 1% /sharebkup
/dev/tlv_u01 50.00 49.99 1% 4 1% /u01
[ZFFR4CB2101:root]/]>
[ZFFR4CB2101:root]/]> mklv -t jfs2 -y tlv_softtmp -x 1024 t_u01_vg 240
tlv_softtmp
[ZFFR4CB2101:root]/]> crfs -v jfs2 -d tlv_softtmp -m /softtmp -A yes
File system created successfully.
31456116 kilobytes total disk space.
New File System size is 62914560
[ZFFR4CB2101:root]/]> mount /softtmp
[ZFFR4CB2101:root]/]> df -g
Filesystem GB blocks Free %Used Iused %Iused Mounted on
/dev/hd4 4.25 4.00 6% 12650 2% /
/dev/hd2 10.00 4.58 55% 118785 10% /usr
/dev/hd9var 4.50 4.08 10% 1177 1% /var
/dev/hd3 4.25 3.75 12% 1717 1% /tmp
/dev/hd1 1.00 1.00 1% 17 1% /home
/dev/hd11admin 0.25 0.25 1% 7 1% /admin
/proc - - - - - /proc
/dev/hd10opt 4.50 4.37 3% 2559 1% /opt
/dev/livedump 1.00 1.00 1% 6 1% /var/adm/ras/livedump
/dev/Plv_install 1.00 1.00 1% 4 1% /install
/dev/Plv_mtool 1.00 1.00 1% 4 1% /mtool
/dev/Plv_audit 2.00 1.99 1% 5 1% /audit
/dev/Plv_ftplog 1.00 1.00 1% 5 1% /ftplog
/dev/Tlv_bocnet 50.00 49.99 1% 4 1% /bocnet
/dev/Tlv_WebSphere 10.00 5.71 43% 45590 4% /WebSphere
/dev/TLV_TEST_DATA 100.00 99.98 1% 7 1% /lhr
ZTDNETAP3:/nfs 1240.00 14.39 99% 512924 14% /nfs
ZTINIMSERVER:/sharebkup 5500.00 1258.99 78% 2495764 1% /sharebkup
/dev/tlv_u01 50.00 49.99 1% 4 1% /u01
/dev/tlv_softtmp 30.00 30.00 1% 4 1% /softtmp
[ZFFR4CB2101:root]/]>
建立安装目录
mkdir -p /u01/app/11.2.0/grid
chmod -R 755 /u01/app/11.2.0/grid
mkdir -p /u01/app/grid
chmod -R 755 /u01/app/grid
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
chmod -R 755 /u01/app/oracle
[ZFFR4CB2101:root]/]> mkdir -p /u01/app/11.2.0/grid
[ZFFR4CB2101:root]/]> chmod -R 755 /u01/app/11.2.0/grid
[ZFFR4CB2101:root]/]> mkdir -p /u01/app/grid
[ZFFR4CB2101:root]/]> chmod -R 755 /u01/app/grid
[ZFFR4CB2101:root]/]> mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
[ZFFR4CB2101:root]/]> chmod -R 755 /u01/app/oracle
[ZFFR4CB2101:root]/]>
[ZFFR4CB2101:root]/]> cd /u01/app
[ZFFR4CB2101:root]/u01/app]> l
total 0
drwxr-xr-x 3 root system 256 Mar 08 16:11 11.2.0
drwxr-xr-x 2 root system 256 Mar 08 16:11 grid
drwxr-xr-x 2 root system 256 Mar 08 16:11 oracle
[ZFFR4CB2101:root]/u01/app]>
建立用户和用户组
mkgroup -A id=1024 dba
mkgroup -A id=1025 asmadmin
mkgroup -A id=1026 asmdba
mkgroup -A id=1027 asmoper
mkgroup -A id=1028 oinstall
mkuser -a id=1025 pgrp=oinstall groups=dba,asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper,oinstall home=/home/grid fsize=-1 cpu=-1 data=-1 core=-1 rss=-1 stack=-1 stack_hard=-1 capabilities=CAP_NUMA_ATTACH,CAP_BYPASS_RAC_VMM,CAP_PROPAGATE grid
echo "grid:grid" |chpasswd
pwdadm -c grid
mkuser -a id=1024 pgrp=dba groups=dba,asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper,oinstall home=/home/oracle fsize=-1 cpu=-1 data=-1 core=-1 rss=-1 stack=-1 stack_hard=-1 capabilities=CAP_NUMA_ATTACH,CAP_BYPASS_RAC_VMM,CAP_PROPAGATE oracle
echo "oracle:oracle" |chpasswd
pwdadm -c oracle
chown -R grid:dba /u01/app/11.2.0
chown grid:dba /u01/app
chown grid:dba /u01/app/grid
chown -R oracle:dba /u01/app/oracle
chown oracle:dba /u01
/usr/sbin/lsuser -a capabilities grid
/usr/sbin/lsuser -a capabilities oracle
[ZFFR4CB2101:root]/u01/app]> mkgroup -A id=1024 dba
[ZFFR4CB2101:root]/u01/app]> mkuser -a id=1025 pgrp=dba groups=dba home=/home/grid fsize=-1 cpu=-1 data=-1 core=-1 rss=-1 stack=-1 stack_hard=-1 capabilities=CAP_NUMA_ATTACH,CAP_BYPASS_RAC_VMM,CAP_PROPAGATE grid
[ZFFR4CB2101:root]/u01/app]> passwd grid
Changing password for "grid"
grid's New password:
Enter the new password again:
[ZFFR4CB2101:root]/u01/app]>
[ZFFR4CB2101:root]/u01/app]> mkuser -a id=1024 pgrp=dba groups=dba home=/home/oracle fsize=-1 cpu=-1 data=-1 core=-1 rss=-1 stack=-1 stack_hard=-1 capabilities=CAP_NUMA_ATTACH,CAP_BYPASS_RAC_VMM,CAP_PROPAGATE oracle
[ZFFR4CB2101:root]/u01/app]> passwd oracle
Changing password for "oracle"
oracle's New password:
Enter the new password again:
[ZFFR4CB2101:root]/u01/app]> chown -R grid:dba /u01/app/11.2.0
[ZFFR4CB2101:root]/u01/app]> chown grid:dba /u01/app
[ZFFR4CB2101:root]/u01/app]> chown grid:dba /u01/app/grid
[ZFFR4CB2101:root]/u01/app]> chown -R oracle:dba /u01/app/oracle
[ZFFR4CB2101:root]/u01/app]> chown oracle:dba /u01
[ZFFR4CB2101:root]/u01/app]> /usr/sbin/lsuser -a capabilities grid